Welcome to PhiloBiblon (sm)(tm) |
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Volume 2005, |
Welcome to PhiloBiblon (sm)(tm) |
|
Volume 2005, |
You have reached the Help Page of
PhiloBiblon
a project to construct a bio-bibliographical database of early texts produced in the Iberian Peninsula and to provide access to this information through an online service on the WorldWideWeb / W3.
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Help in using PhiloBiblon
A.00) A Glossary of terms used in PhiloBiblon
1.00) Composing non-English characters
1.10) Composing non-English characters on a Macintosh keyboard
1.20) Composing non-English characters on a DOS / Windows keyboard
2.00) PhiloBiblon: The First Web Release
3.00) PhiloBiblon: Fields List
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1.00) Composing non-English characters
1.10) Composing non-English characters on a Macintosh keyboard
1.11) if your Mac keyboard is set to "U.S." (in its "Keyboard" control panel)
| to make -- | you type -- first, | then, | then, |
|---|---|---|---|
| ñ (and other "tildes") | <option> (hold key down) | n (release both keys) | n |
| ó (and other "acutes") | <option> (hold key down) | e (release both keys) | o |
| ò (and other "graves") | <option> (hold key down) | ` (release both keys) | o |
| ü | <option> (hold key down) | u (release both keys) | u |
| ç | <option> (hold key down) | c (release both keys) | c |
A full list of the various keystroke combinations available for composing "non-English" and "special" characters using a Mac keyboard may be found in your Mac documentation or online at Internet resources and tables such as
(? list two)
1.12) if your Mac keyboard is set to "Spanish" or any other non-English language (in its "Keyboard" control panel) --
type the characters as they appear on your keyboard (or consult the "Keycaps" utility, found on your Apple menu, if your physical keyboard does not correspond to the internal "Keyboard" setting); so for example "ñ" or "ç" on your Mac Spanish keyboard will appear as "ñ" or "ç" on - screen in PhiloBiblon, or
| to make -- | you type -- first, | then, |
|---|---|---|
| ó | ' (then either release the key or hold it down) | o |
| ê | ^ (then either release the key or hold it down) | e |
| ü | ~ (then either release the key or hold it down) | u |
| ò | ` (then either release the key or hold it down) | o |
1.13) and you usually can "paste" characters from programs on your computer onto the PhiloBiblon screen.
("Paste" does not always work, however, from programs -- word processors and others -- which you might be running on your Mac: "paste" from a program may not work if that program does not compose its characters in the same way that Mac and the Internet do -- if "paste" from a program does not work, you always can "paste" from the Mac "Note Pad" found on your Apple menu, using either the "U.S." or the "Spanish" and other keyboards.)
1.20) Composing non-English characters on a DOS / Windows keyboard
There are several ways of composing non-English characters using a DOS / Windows (W95 or others) keyboard:
1.21) You can change the "language" on your full keyboard layout:
In your Windows "Control Panel" for "Keyboard" you will find an option for "Language". Following the instructions appearing in this option you can add several additional languages to whatever you now have: for example, if you now have only
you may add
and many others. Adding a language normally requires the use of a Windows installation diskette or CD-ROM.
Changing the language also implies changing the keyboard settings to the default keyboard for that language.
You can maintain the standard English keyboard layout while still making it possible to use the diacritics needed for most European languages by choosing the "United States - International" keyboard setting.
To do this use the Windows Control Panel to access the Keyboard icon. Then choose "Language" and select "English (United States)". Then select "Properties," click on the "Keyboard Layout List," and select "United States - International."
The United States - International keyboard layout does not change the location of any of the keys. Rather it has the effect of converting the grave accent, the tilde, the circumflex, the apostrophe (acute accent), and the quotation mark (umlaut) into "dead keys." Thus tilde followed immediately by "n" produces the "ñ"; while apostrophe followed by "a" produces "á"; and so forth. To type the literal character, follow it with a space. The ç is produced by striking the apostrophe followed by a "c".
| to make -- | you type -- first | then, |
|---|---|---|
| ó | ' (release the key) | o |
| Ó | ' (release the key) | O |
| ò | ` (release the key) | o |
| Ò | ` (release the key) | O |
| ñ | ~ (release the key) | n |
| Ñ | ~ (release the key) | N |
| ã | ~ (release the key) | a |
| Ã | ~ (release the key) | A |
| ê | ^ (release the key) | e |
| Ê | ^ (release the key) | E |
| ç | ' (release the key) | c |
| Ç | ' (release the key) | C |
| ü | " (release the key) | u |
| Ü | " (release the key) | U |
The United States - International keyboard layout also allows the production of ¡ and ¿ by striking the right-hand Alt key followed by the 1 or the back slash, respectively. The right hand Alt key also serves to produce various other special symbols as well, when followed by the appropriate key; e.g., right-hand Alt followed by "6" produces "¼".
Keyboards which use the character sets of various languages are commonly available in computer stores in a country using that language: Spanish language keyboards may be purchased in computer stores in Spain, Portuguese language keyboards in stores in Portugal, and so on. Templates for use with other keyboards also are available for sale in computer stores -- a plastic or card cutout indicating the correct keys is placed over your current keyboard -- and their formats may be obtained online on the Internet.
Once you have "shifted languages" within the "Keyboard" "Control Panel", accented characters which you strike on your keyboard will appear correctly on the PhiloBiblon search screen.
or
1.22) You can compose the ASCII / ISO character yourself: using the codes which you find in the following list --
(You can search through the very long list which follows, and any other long list or page on W3, easily using your own browser: most browsers have a "Search" or "Find" function -- normally a choice in a "pull - down" menu from the bar at the top of the browser screen -- and most of these will accept "ISO 8859-x, etc." characters, as described in what follows, in addition to "plain American ASCII" characters. So for example in your browser "Search" field you would enter "<ALT> 0233" to find a "small e acute", and vice versa -- note that the "0233" must be made using your computer's "numeric keypad".)
So to compose an "ñ", for example, on the PhiloBiblon search page: you would hold down the ALT key and enter 0241 using your computer's "numeric keypad"...
| to make -- | you type -- | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| char. | description | first, | then, |
| ‘ | left single quotation mark | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0145 |
| ’ | right single quotation mark | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0146 |
| “ | left double quotation mark | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0147 |
| ” | right double quote mark | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0148 |
| ¡ | inverted exclamation mark | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0161 |
| · | punt volat / raised period | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0183 |
| ¿ | inverted question mark | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0191 |
| À | capital A grave | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0192 |
| Á | .capital A acute | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0193 |
| Â | capital A circumflex | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0194 |
| Ã | capital A tilde | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0195 |
| Ä | capital A dieresis or umlaut | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0196 |
| Å | capital A ring | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0197 |
| Æ | capital AE ligature | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0198 |
| Ç | capital C cedilla | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0199 |
| È | capital E grave | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0200 |
| É | capital E acute | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0201 |
| Ê | capital E circumflex | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0202 |
| Ë | capital E dieresis or umlaut | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0203 |
| Ì | capital I grave | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0204 |
| Í | capital I acute | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0205 |
| Î | capital I circumflex | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0206 |
| Ï | capital I dieresis or umlaut | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0207 |
| Ð | capital ETH | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0208 |
| Ñ | capital N tilde | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0209 |
| Ò | capital O grave | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0210 |
| Ó | capital O acute | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0211 |
| Ô | capital O circumflex | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0212 |
| Õ | capital O tilde | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0213 |
| Ö | capital O dieresis or umlaut | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0214 |
| × | multiplication sign | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0215 |
| Ø | capital O slash | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0216 |
| Ù | capital U grave | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0217 |
| Ú | capital U acute | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0218 |
| Û | capital U circumflex | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0219 |
| Ü | capital U dieresis or umlaut | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0220 |
| Ý | capital Y acute | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0221 |
| Þ | capital THORN | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0222 |
| ß | small sharp s, sz ligature | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0223 |
| à | small a grave | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0224 |
| á | small a acute | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0225 |
| â | small a circumflex | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0226 |
| ã | small a tilde | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0227 |
| ä | small a dieresis or umlaut | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0228 |
| å | small a ring | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0229 |
| æ | small ae ligature | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0230 |
| ç | small c cedilla | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0231 |
| è | small e grave | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0232 |
| é | small e acute | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0233 |
| ê | small e circumflex | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0234 |
| ë | small e dieresis or umlaut | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0235 |
| ì | small i grave | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0236 |
| í | small i acute | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0237 |
| î | small i circumflex | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0238 |
| ï | small i dieresis or umlaut | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0239 |
| ð | small eth | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0240 |
| ñ | small n tilde | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0241 |
| ò | small o grave | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0242 |
| ó | small o acute | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0243 |
| ô | small o circumflex | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0244 |
| õ | small o tilde | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0245 |
| ö | small o dieresis or umlaut | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0246 |
| ÷ | division sign | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0247 |
| ø | small o slash | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0248 |
| ù | small u grave | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0249 |
| ú | small u acute | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0250 |
| û | small u circumflex | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0251 |
| ü | small u dieresis or umlaut | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0252 |
| ý | small y acute | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0253 |
| þ | small thorn | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0254 |
| ÿ | small y dieresis or umlaut | <ALT> (hold key down) | 0255 |
(Please remember that these "ISO 8859-x" / "WinLatin" / etc. codes are in a constant and occasionally frustrating process of change and evolution -- some of them may not work on your particular browser / version / computer / system, and others may exist which do not appear here. There are many good sources online -- only online sources are up - to - date about this -- containing much information on these topics: among these --
Suggestions for improvements in the presentation here of this difficult problem will be accepted, gratefully, via email to kessler@well.sf.ca.us .)1.23) and you usually can "paste" characters from programs on your computer onto the PhiloBiblon screen.
("Paste" does not always work, however, from programs -- word processors and others -- which you might be running on your computer: "paste" from a program may not work if that program does not compose its characters in the same way that your computer and the Internet do. If "paste" from a particular program does not work, you still may be able to "paste" from the computer's own "Note Pad" or other simple word processor. And if this still does not work, you always can compose the characters yourself as described here in section 1.22 above.)
2.00) PhiloBiblon: The First Web Release
The present release of PhiloBiblon and its component bibliographies comes as the first of a two-step initiative for its availability on the internet.
It offers, via the various possibilities of the Search Engine, reports on the inventoried manuscripts and editions, providing information on their location and codicological disposition. Each description is accompanied by a topographical listing of the texts contained in the particular item, together with appropriate secondary bibliography. Given this structure, certain texts already included in the data bases, but for which no manuscript or printing sources are recorded (e.g., various lost, apocryphal, or other dubious items), are not retrievable in this first release.
The second release will add the option of reports focused on a particular prose or poetical text ALONE. They will provide the data on all manuscripts and printings in which the text is found (if any), together with the specific details and nature of the appearance. Again, the appropriate secondary bibliography will accompany. With that option provided, ALL inventoried texts will become available.
For the time being the easiest way to find all of the witnesses of a given text is to search for it via the author or title search box. Examine each of the manuscript or printed editions so selected until you find the text that you are looking for. Note its TEXID number and return to the search engine in order to search for that TEXID in the TEXID box. You must also choose the appropriate bibliography (BETA, BITAGAP, or BITECA).
The web version of PhiloBiblon presents each manuscript or edition in a separate HTML file, gathering its data from the various Tables which comprise the relational data base from which it is derived. Release of the PhiloBiblon relational data base itself (and its component bibliographies) in CD-ROM format is planned for the not distant future. That disk will offer a much wider range of search options and the ability to produce more specialized and specifically tailored reports. It will replace the first release published by Micronet in Madrid, 1993, as part of ADMYTE Disk 0.
2.10) Technical Problems.
We are making the current web-based version of PhiloBiblon available despite the fact that several technical problems remain.
2.12. Numerous problems of formatting of the data still need to be resolved. In particular, much information currently available in the stand-alone version of PhiloBiblon does not appear in the web version. For this reason, we would be very grateful if our medievalist colleagues would report errors in the descriptions but not attempt to indicate omissions at this time. In due course, as funding becomes available, we hope to resolve some of these problems.
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