:: Sources
|
|
San Francisco: Departments
Dental Hygiene
Dr. Guy S. Millberry, dean of the College
of Dentistry, became interested in developing the field of dental
hygiene in California because of the need and demand from an enlightened
public for more and better dental service. In September, 1918, a
one-year course of study in dental hygiene was instituted at the
University with two students enrolled. Since the state legislature
had not amended the current law which prohibited persons from operating
upon the teeth for fee, salary, or reward unless they were duly
licensed dentists, the course of instruction trained women to become
dental assistants as well as dental hygienists so that employment
could be secured in the former if not in the latter capacity.
In May, 1921, the state law regulating the practice
of dentistry was amended to include the services of the dental hygienist,
stating that "any licensed dentist, public health institution, or
school authority may employ such licensed and registered dental
hygienist." In 1924, because the level of education was being raised
in all areas, the course of dental hygiene was increased from one
to two academic years. By this time student enrollment had risen
to 14.
In the mid-1930's, the field of dentistry was
expanding and in order to keep up with improving skills and expanding
knowledge, the University became one of the first schools to recognize
the need for a degree-level curriculum in dental hygiene. Entrance
requirements were subsequently raised and interested young women
were required to present admission credentials of junior standing
at the University. In 1941, the first bachelor of science degree
in dental hygiene was conferred.
By the mid-1960's, in addition to a college preparatory
curriculum in high school, 60 academic units or prescribed preprofessional
courses at the University or the equivalent in another institution
of approved standing were required for admission to the dental hygiene
curriculum. The department consisted of a full-time dental hygienist
as chairman and a staff of four dental hygienists employed 70 per
cent or more for the clinical training and some of the didactic
courses related directly to the field.
The balance of the didactic courses on the medical
center campus were given by the faculties of dentistry, pharmacy,
and medicine. Classes of 24 students graduated in the early 1960's,
and while most went into private practice, a few went into teaching
in schools of dental hygiene and into public school systems and
some pursued research. Prior to September, 1963, the field was limited
to women but was later opened to male applicants. source
to
top
Dermatology
In Toland Medical College (1864-1873), a
few lectures on diseases of the skin were delivered annually by
Benjamin F. Swan, professor of diseases of children. However, little
recognition was given to this branch of medicine until 1886 when
Dr. Douglas W. Montgomery, with special training in the pathology
and treatment of skin diseases, accepted the chair of pathology.
At his urging, a chair of dermatology was established, and in 1894
he became its first occupant, resigning from his earlier position
in order to devote full time to his field of special interest.
In the same year, the Division
of Dermatology was established, and in 1903 it was strengthened
by the arrival of Dr. Howard Morrow. In 1911 Dr. Montgomery retired
and was succeeded by Dr. Morrow, who, well-known for his studies
on leprosy and smallpox, was a founding member of the American Board
of Dermatology established in 1932; in 1938 the chairmanship passed
to Dr. Hiram E. Miller. By this time the division, largely through
the efforts of Drs. Howard Morrow, Lawrence Taussig, Frances Torrey,
and Norman Epstein, had gained considerable eminence as a center
for the training of dermatologists.
Dr. Frances A. Torrey became
chairman in 1947 and was succeeded by Dr. Rees B. Rees in 1954.
In 1958, Dr. William Epstein, from the University of Pennsylvania,
became the division's director of research. Among the significant
scientific contributions of staff members may be mentioned those
concerned with leprosy, psoriasis, cutaneous tumors, hemangiomas,
and contact dermatoses. The division was approved for full training
in dermatology, and the staff numbered 70 by the mid-1960's; in
addition, there were 12 trainees. source
to top
|
